This updated chapter of the Lexis Treatise, Waters & Water Rights provides an overview of the statutes and cases governing water law in New York State. The state's water law is primarily codified in Article 15 of New York Environmental Conservation Law, with residual issues defined by common...

This essay reviews the implementation experience with three main applications of tradable permit systems: air pollution control, water supply and fisheries management. Opening with a brief summary of the theory behind these programs and both the economic and environmental consequences...

Oregon’s public trust doctrine has been misunderstood. The doctrine has not been judicially interpreted in over thirty years but was the subject of an Oregon Attorney General’s opinion in 2005. That opinion interpreted the scope of the doctrine to be limited to the beds of tidelands and...

The quickly changing environment of the African countries necessitates reforms in common resources shared by many of continent's countries. Fresh water is one of the most important economic issues in the third millennia. The legendary and romantic River Nile's water is one of those issues. The...

This essay reviews the implementation experience with three main applications of tradable permit systems: air pollution control, water supply and fisheries management. Opening with a brief summary of the theory behind these programs and both the economic and environmental consequences...

Aquatic life water quality criteria are numeric or narrative descriptions of water quality that protect aquatic life from unhealthy water conditions. The Clean Water Act (CWA) requires the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to develop and, as necessary, revise “criteria for water...

This essay reviews the implementation experience with three main applications of tradable permit systems: air pollution control, water supply and fisheries management. Opening with a brief summary of the theory behind these programs and both the economic and environmental consequences...

The Supreme Court's new federalism has struck its strongest blows so far on the Clean Water Act. In 2007, a sharply divided Court nearly struck down a large chunk of the Act's protection of wetlands and other small waterways – five years after an earlier decision had narrowed the reach of the...

The study compares the financial results and operating performance of publicly owned water and sewer utilities in the United states. At present, the industry has few objective measurement, and fewer studies, that enable such utilities to measure performance