Floating exchange rates affect two basic principles of GATT, namely: stability of trade policy conditions and reciprocity of trade concessions. What is the relevance of the changes to foreign trade? What possibilities for surmounting the new problems exist in the realm of external economic...

This paper studies the determinants of pricing-to-market at the firm-level, with a particular focus on the role of firm-specific and policy-induced market power. We use a large dataset containing export values and quantities by product and destination for all exporting firms in 12 developing and...

The issue of 'trade and exchange rate misalignments' is being discussed at the G20, IMF and WTO, following an initiative by Brazil. The main purpose of this paper is to apply the methodology developed by the authors to exam the impacts of misalignment on tariffs in order to analyze the impacts...

Since the beginning of the 1990’s Brazil has been experienced an opening process in the economy, which in turn has caused structural changes in the productive structure. In this work it is made an evaluation of the different impacts caused by changes in the exchange rate and in the tariffs...