differences in employment growth during recoveries. …

This study assesses whether recent changes in family structure and female employment patterns have altered the … that increased female employment reduces income inequality, but that increased prevalence of single-mother families …

labor force participation. Similarly, part-time employment reduces women's economic dependency inasmuch as it facilitates … had no effect on women's dependency level, while part time employment increased it. Contrary to our expectations, highly …'s employment per se but also at equalizing the conditions under which men and women work. …

effects of employment protection regulation, the size of the public sector, tax policy, and mother-friendly social policy … finds that strong employment protection negatively affects women's capacity to attain economic parity vis-à-vis their … husbands by reducing women's employment levels, while the size of the public sector positively affects wives' contribution to …

Mothers' employment and earnings partly depend on social policies and cultural norms supporting work-family balance … also show motherhood penalties are smaller where cultural attitudes supporting maternal employment are stronger. …

multi-dimensional, with main distinctions favoring traditional families, mother's employment, or market reliance. Using …