This study investigates whether and when during the life cycle women fall behind in terms of career progression because … establishment as well as in combination with an establishment change. Women with children are 1.6 percentage points less likely … promoted than women without children; this is what we refer to as the family gap in climbing the career. We find that mothers …

means of self-realization, independence and personal growth. However,Women, appear relatively few to engage in this career … path. Indeed, the Association of Women Entrepreneurs (AFEM) estimates that the number of women entrepreneurs does not … exceed 10,000, which represents barely 0.5% of women's employment in the formal sector and about 10% of the number total …

The supply of women into senior management has changed little despite well-intentioned efforts. We argue that the … biggest effect is from supply-side factors that inhibit females' decision to enter competitions: Women are under …-confident about winning, men are over-confident; women are more risk averse than men in some settings; and, most importantly, women …

Purpose: Research into women working in mines in general is limited, and less so for their presence in underground … mines. This study explores the adaptive strategies women employ to navigate harsh physical and perceived threatening … (structuration and agency) were adopted to identify and discuss women's adaptive strategies for navigating challenging underground …