This paper studies the welfare consequences of a vertical merger that raises rivals costs when downstream competition … is à la Cournot between firms with constant asymmetric marginal costs. The main result is that such a vertical merger can …, that this result extends to price competition with differentiated products. …

costs of variety. Counterfactual simulations of modest liberalizations of entry incentivize incumbents to offer more product …

show that welfare increases when competition is enhanced by lower entry costs. Protecting small stores by imposing … demand, recover variable profits, and estimate entry costs and fixed costs by store type. Counterfactual policy experiments …

product differentiation and entry costs in both markets. Our analysis shows that the downstream conditions dominate the …

product differentiation and entry costs in both markets. Our analysis shows that the downstream conditions dominate the …