This paper models the effect of a HIV/AIDS epidemic on saving behavior and studies the welfare effects of testing for … consumption after being tested HIV positive. The paper describes different effects on aggregate savings according to different … stages of the epidemic. We show that the HIV epidemic decreases savings if especially young individuals are (perceived to be …

currently arising is that cooperatives have started to lose the principles of kinship, especially savings and loan cooperatives … study wants to identify the effect of savings and loan cooperatives in improving people's welfare and increasing the … performance of businesses. Regression analysis shows that the use of credit savings and loan cooperatives can have a positive …