The new Routledge History of Poverty, c. 1450-1800 provides neither a "history" nor a coherent concept of "poverty" and …, based on the idea that the interplay of "labour" and "poverty" (epitomized in the notion of the "labouring poor") forms the … crucial key to the understanding of the decisive long-term theme in the history of poverty and poor relief in Europe from 1350 …

. The paper underscores the principles of the poverty focus of social assistance and presents an overview of existence … evidence of first- and second-order effects of social assistance, particularly in the domains of poverty, education, health and …

Most welfare states design their tax/benefit system to combat income poverty. Some countries are more effective in … poverty alleviation than others. What can explain these variations in outcomes and effectiveness? And has the redistributive … transfers and income taxes in alleviating poverty. We focus on 49 LIS-countries for the period 1967-2016. We compare relative …