democracy. I use a unique dataset from the Association for the Study of Peak Oil and Gas and other sources describing worldwide … discovering oil decreases a country's 30-year change in democracy, as measured by the Polity Index. On average, discovering 100 … billion barrels pushes a country's democracy level almost 20 percentage points below trend. The estimated effect per barrel is …

There is an ongoing debate on the relationship between Islam, oil wealth and (lack of) democracy. Considerable … democracy, especially in oil-rich economics. This study examines the effects of formal institutions, specifically constitutions … that prescribe Shari'a law as a source of legislation, on democracy. We use a newly developed coding of the degree to which …

whether oil affects democratic institutions. We further the debate through the use of additional measures of democracy and …

empirical analysis employs data on transitions to democracy from non-democracy to examine how aid and oil affect democratization …