The Grand Transition (GT) view claims that economic development is causal to institutional development, and that many institutional changes can be understood as transitions occurring at roughly the same level (zones) of development. The Primacy of Institutions (PoI) view claims that economic...

This paper examines fungibility as a possible explanation for the missing link between foreign aid and economic growth. The composition of aid plays a crucial role in determining the composition of government spending and, consequently, the magnitude of fungibility and its impact on growth....

The Grand Transition (GT) view claims that economic development is causal to institutional development, and that many institutional changes can be understood as transitions occurring at roughly the same level (zones) of development. The Primacy of Institutions (PoI) view claims that economic...

During the past half century many nations have adopted policies whose function is to discourage cartels and other restrictive practices. Industrialized nations led the movement toward pro-competition policies, but more recently, developing nations have begun to join the parade. Initial steps...

To clarify the causal links between financial activity and economic growth, three theoretical models are analyzed and a structural equation path models is estimated. In the modeling part, poverty traps result from large fixed costs or high proportions of real investment to run a financial...

This paper investigates the channels through which the middle class may matter for consumption growth and development. Determinants of the size and the growth of the middle class are also examined. Using several different middle class measures and a panel of 72 developing countries spanning the...

In dem knappen Vierteljahrhundert von 1970 bis 1993 hat die Weltbevölkerung um fast 2 Mrd. auf 5,5 Mrd. Menschen zugenommen. Gleichzeitig hat sich zwar die Weltwirtschaftsleistung (in laufenden US-Dollar) um mehr als das Siebenfache erhöht. Der Differenzierungsprozeß zwischen den Reichen und...

Nach einer Analyse (ifo Schnelldienst 8-9/1991) der Daten des Weltbankatlas von 1990 hatte sich eine weitere Verstärkung des Ungleichgewichts in der Welt seit 1980 zu ungunsten der Entwicklungsländer ergeben. Seitdem war die Weltwirtschaftssituation durch die politischen Geschehnisse, wie...