Banks calculating capital requirements for credit risk based on internal ratings according to the Basel framework must add a margin of conservatism to their estimates of probability of default (PD). This margin shall, at a minimum, cover the statistical uncertainty related to the estimation. A...

In this paper, we compare the distribution of price changes between collusive and noncollusive periods for ten major cartels. The first moments focus on previous research. We extend the discussion to the third (skewness) and fourth (kurtosis) moments. However, none of the above descriptive...

Das DIW Berlin rechnet für 2010 und 2011 mit einem Wachstum des realen Bruttoinlandsprodukts von 1,7 und 1,8 Prozent. Damit setzt die deutsche Wirtschaft ihren moderaten Erholungskurs der vergangenen Quartale fort. Zwar hat die Produktion im Winter überraschenderweise nur stagniert, dies ist...

In this paper, we compare the distribution of price changes between collusive and noncollusive periods for ten major cartels. The first moments focus on previous research. We extend the discussion to the third (skewness) and fourth (kurtosis) moments. However, none of the above descriptive...