The withdrawal of public sector intervention from Malta's housing market commenced in the early 1990s, while financial markets were liberalised in 1994. These developments were likely behind the significant expansion in credit and house price appreciation experienced over the past two decades,...

The theoretical literature remains inconclusive on whether changes in bank exposure towards the domestic sovereign have an adverse effect on the sovereign risk position via a diabolic loop in the sovereign-bank nexus or reduce perceived default risk by acting as a disciplinary device for the...

In this study, data from two credit rating agencies are analyzed to consider how different Bank Financial Strength Ratings and Credit Ratings from two rating agencies compare. To my knowledge, prior research has not analyzed Bank Financial Strength Ratings from different rating agencies, nor has...

The estimation and validation of the Basel II risk parameters PD (default probability), LGD (loss given default), and EAD (exposure at default) is an important problem in banking practice. This book covers designing and validating rating systems and default probability estimations. Furthermore,...

Statistical Methods to Develop Rating Models -- Estimation of a Rating Model for Corporate Exposures -- The Shadow Rating Approach - Experience from Banking Practice -- Estimating Probabilities of Default for Low Default Portfolios -- Transition Matrices: Properties and Estimation Methods -- A...

This paper investigates whether there is any consistency between banks' financial strength ratings (bank rating) and their risk-return profiles. It is expected that banks with high ratings tend to earn high expected returns for the risks they assume and thereby have a low probability of...