This paper calculates and compares the level of Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions using a production-based accounting (PBA) method and a consumption based accounting (CBA) method. The PBA attributes GHG emissions resulting from production processes to the country in which the production takes...

This report investigates the effects of a resource efficiency and circular economy (RE-CE) transition on international trade flows, using the OECD’s ENV-Linkages model. A global RE-CE policy package will cause secondary materials to become cheaper, while primary materials become more expensive...

Climate change and outdoor air pollution are two of the most challenging environmental issues that modern society faces. These challenges are strongly linked through their emission sources, the sectors they affect and the policies that can be implemented to reduce emissions. They also interact...