This paper explores whether different funding structures-including the source, instrument, currency, and counterparty location of funding-affected the extent of financial stress experienced in various countries and sectors during the Covid-19 spread in early 2020. We measure financial stress...

Deutschland auf dem langen Weg zu smarter Regulierung. Als Wirtschaftsstandort hat Deutschland in den letzten Jahren kontinuierlich an Attraktivität verloren. War das Land aus Unternehmenssicht seit jeher ein Standort mit hohen Steuern und Arbeitskosten, so hat sich der Kostennachteil bei den...

Amid escalating geopolitical tensions, we offers insights into the far-reaching consequences of wars. Based on a new dataset on major conflicts since 1870, the findings show that wars cause a substantial decline in GDP and spike in inflation within war zones. Interestingly, countries...

Digital transformation is provoking a real revolution in the payment's landscape of many economies in the last few years. New technologies and the change in public's habits are transforming not only the way payments are processed but the very modes of registering, storing and transferring value...