The antecedent studies have designed new funding with the intellectual capital money (IKM) upon trading the intellectual capital (IK) to ensure unimpeded access to it and spur its generation and exploitation. This piece examines the static and dynamic behavior of IKM in an open economy. The...

his essay places the first blueprint for the Intellectual Property Currency (IPC) funding that the International Central Bank for Intellectual Properties (ICB/IP) would issue to finance the implementation of intellectual capital and the generation of the next one. The blueprint formulates the...

This essay places the second version of the blueprint for the Intellectual Property Currency (IPC), in which we have updated the first one with more detailed descriptions in depth. The IPC would be issued by the International Central Bank for Intellectual Property (ICB/IP) upon request when the...

We propose a "debt view" to explain the dominant international role of the dollar and provide broad empirical support for it. Within a simple capital structure model in which firms optimally choose the currency composition of their debt, we derive conditions under which all firms issue debt in a...

This paper endogenizes financial contagion and financial crises from financial institutions. We show that financial crises can emanate from financial institutions which generate soft-budget constraints (SBC). The prevailing SBC in an economy distort information such that the interbank lending...

This paper evaluates the consequences of the integration of international asset markets when goods markets are characterized by price rigidities. Using an open economy general equilibrium model with volatility in the money markets, we show that such an integration is not universally beneficial....

This paper provides a historical background to contemporary debates on the international monetary system: their genesis, similarities, and differences of problems it has faced at different times. It looks sequentially at the design of the Bretton Woods system; the tensions it faced since the...

This Article examines the International Monetary Fund's recent efforts to play an assertive regulatory role with regard to global capital flows. There is a growing consensus among scholars and policymakers that states must carefully manage capital flows and coordinate their policies for doing...

We investigate how the exchange rate regime influences economic linkages across countries. We divide the exchange rate regime into three classifications: currency union, peg and floating exchange rates. Unlike most studies solely focusing on the relationship between anchor and client countries,...

Recent calls for more intense debate on and reforms to the international monetary system imply that the current system is unable to respond appropriately and adequately to challenges that have appeared, or become more acute, in recent years. This paper focuses on four such challenges: ensuring...