In a seminal paper Graetz and Michaels (2018) find that robots increase labor productivity and TFP, lower output prices … industries leads to a sizable drop of the productivity effects, halving the effect size for labor productivity and insignificant … controlling for demographic workforce characteristics is essential for obtaining significant labor productivity effects and leads …

In a seminal paper Graetz and Michaels (2018) find that robots increase labor productivity and TFP, lower output prices … variables reestablishes the productivity effects, but still rejects positive wage effects and skill-biased technological change …

In a seminal paper Graetz and Michaels (2018) find that robots increase labor productivity and TFP, lower output prices … workforce variables reestablishes the productivity effects, but still rejects positive wage effects and skill …

Employment protection affects aggregate productivity via several channels in potentially contradicting ways, which … factors across plants, which has been shown in past studies to substantially reduce aggregate productivity. The study provides … product of labor and total factor productivity. The results show that higher cost of dismissing redundant workers is …

This paper measures environmental efficiency (EE) and environmental productivity (EP) and analyzes differences in these …