endowments and learning productivity, although the largest part remains unexplained. Countries’ general level of gender (in …

We document and analyze the emergence of a substantial gender gap in mathematics in the early years of schooling using … between boys and girls upon entry to school, but girls lose more than two-tenths of a standard deviation relative to boys over … the first six years of school. The ground lost by girls relative to boys is roughly half as large as the black-white test …

We document and analyze the emergence of a substantial gender gap in mathematics in the early years of schooling using … between boys and girls upon entry to school, but girls lose more than two-tenths of a standard deviation relative to boys over … the first six years of school. The ground lost by girls relative to boys is roughly half as large as the black-white test …

to estimate learning losses. It models the effect of school closures on achievement by predicting the deviation of the …

to estimate learning losses. It models the effect of school closures on achievement by predicting the deviation of the …

As school after school shuts down in the face of the Covid-19 crisis (in now more than 140 countries), online learning …