foreign direct investment (FDI), trade openness, and unemployment in five South Asian countries between 1998 and 2017 using a … vector autoregressive model. It has been empirically found that GDP growth rate and unemployment have positive relationships … unemployment. The study shows that there is a long-run relationship between GDP growth rate, FDI, trade openness’s and unemployment …

The present research analyzes the nexus between export upgrading and economic growth. In addition, it studies the … moderating role of economies’ level of openness to international trade between export upgrading and economic growth for a group … in STATA. Findings of this study express that export upgrading has a positive impact on economic growth. However …

Economists have long debated whether the real exchange rate (RER) has a significant impact on export performance and … output growth. Some claim that export performance depends only on nonprice competition and the RER is irrelevant to long …

. Export vulnerability depends first on the overall level of export exposure, measured as the share of exports in gross … gross domestic product using a gravity model of trade. Furthermore, export vulnerability is computed separately for … composition of their export basket. Although the results suggest differences in elasticity estimates across regions as well as …