In June 2019 the Risk Coalition published a consultation document of their principles and guidance for board risk committees and risk functions in the UK financial services sector. This draft document entitled "Effective Risk Oversight in a Changing World" was open for public comment until 20th...

There is a tendency to see trust and control by formal agreements as substitutes. According to transaction cost economics trust is unreliable, and some form of control is needed to reduce hazards of opportunism. According to others, high trust allows for a limited extent of formal control....

This article introduces a multi-level framework to structure and analyse FDI patterns. It is argued that three internationalisation strategies currently simultaneously shape the globalisation of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI): classical internationalisation, emerging internationalisation and...

Terrorism is not a natural hazard outside the range of corporate decision-making. Simple micro-economic analysis shows how globalisation changed the supply of terrorist attacks and the costs for tolerating terrorist hazard. Approaches developed in organizational strategy help to single out three...

This paper focuses on governance modes for service development ofmobile telephone networks (GSM, WAP, GPRS, UMTS). 'Services' refer toservices embodying a specific content. The paper shows that the phaseof the life cycle of the network and the service affects the choice ofgovernance mode of new...

When a rising power threatens the position of an incumbent power, historically the result has been war. This conjecture derived from the analysis of the Peloponnesian War by Greek historian Thucydides (460-400 BC) has borne out up to modern times. Statistically, three out of four such situations...