The article constitutes an attempt at discussing the determinants of the development of third party liability insurance in historical perspective and on the basis of the observation of trends witnessed in this field nowadays. The identified factors are linked to the functioning of both the...

In 2009, the promise of a comprehensive federal cap and trade bill to address climate change fell apart. At least in part, this was due to the fears that exotic 'carbon' financial instruments might cause more financial crises. As California launches it economy wide carbon trading system, and...

Energy leapfrogging may have critical implications for a world that seeks to reduce its fossil fuel use and greenhouse gas emissions, and in which most future economic growth will be concentrated in rapidly growing, industrializing countries rather than in more mature economies. The current...

This contribution seeks to analyse and compare WTO Accession Protocols, particularly the interpretations given relevant commitments made in them regarding energy and fossil fuels. After first providing an outline of the accession process and its importance for the natural resources and energy...

Dual pricing is a practice through which resource-endowed states sell their energy resources at significantly lower prices on the domestic market, as compared to the price on the export market. Dual pricing could be considered an environmentally harmful fossil fuel subsidy: States that maintain...

Using patent data from 1978 to 2019 across 1,881 regions, we estimate the maindeterminants of innovation in energy storage. Our results highlight the role of energyprices and past innovation in shaping innovation. Specifically, a one-unit increase inelectricity prices leads to a 15.54% reduction...

As reporting GHG emissions becomes mandatory in the financial sector, the methods by which emissions are calculated will grow in importance for their impact on the resulting metric. Progress is underway in both the public and private financial sectors to embed emissions accounting standards, but...

Meeting the temperature goals of the Paris Agreement requires a transformational change in our infrastructure systems. Given the long lifetime of infrastructure, there is an urgency to build more of the right type of it. The failure to do so will lock-in emissions for decades to come, or create...

This book is unique in that it uses trade as a tool to move the climate agenda forward, by presenting the following two new approaches to climate change mitigation: 1) a bottom-up approach to climate change and 2) using regional trade agreements (RTAs) to promote climate change mitigation. The...

Although the Kyoto Protocol intended to implement emissions trading globally, this has so far been impossible. As a result, particularly Multinational Corporations (MNCs) currently face a wide variety of emissions trading schemes that differ in scope and enforcement, thus creating divergent...