Numerous microfinance initiatives around the world aim to alleviate poverty in developing countries. However, debate … from two studies in Indonesia that help explain why moneylending can still thrive when low-interest microfinance is widely …

This study tests the association between financial inclusion and energy poverty in Indonesia. It adopts multi …-dimensional energy poverty and financial inclusion measures employing the 2018 Statistics Indonesia data. The energy poverty measures … between financial inclusion and energy poverty, bringing potential critical notes for Indonesia's policy formulation against …

poverty line, expressed in PPP-adjusted dollars and linked to various rounds of the International Comparison of Prices (ICP …; they also roughly confirm the current shape of the proposed "weakly relative" poverty line. Using the new absolute line … using 2011 PPPs would lead to substantially lower poverty in our estimation. The extent of the decline depends on whether …