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This study aims to reveal the connection between corruption and shadow economy, on one hand, and deforestation, on the … it reveals that corruption and shadow economy positively influence deforestation. Determinants like democratic governance …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012612468
This review critically engages with the debate on the importance of corruption for illicit tobacco trade. It proposes … to solve the disagreement in the literature by advancing a nuanced analysis of how different types of corruption are … linked to various forms of illicit tobacco trade. It conceptualises the role of corruption by breaking it down into necessary …
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. Second, the use of cash in crime, here especially in corruption, is also econometrically investigated. The influence is …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011697962
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corruption. On the one hand, if we assume that the goal of criminals involved in corruption is to minimize the probability of … being detected, then corruption represents a demand for money laundering (trigger effect), while money laundering can serve … as an effective way to clean the revenue from corruption for re-investment (multiplier effect). On the other hand …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012026444
Illicit trade in goods that displace normally legal goods is an extensive global problem, which carries considerable development risks and losses for developing countries. Focusing on pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and consumer goods (which in itself consists of a broad range of goods), this...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012137029
. Second, the use of cash in crime, here especially in corruption, is also econometrically investigated. The influence is …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011731027