In this paper, we trace the jurisprudential history of the applicability of US countervailing duty (CVD) law to non-market economies (NMEs). We describe how, since the United States reversed its long standing policy of not imposing CVDs on NMEs, concurrent application of antidumping (AD) and...

In this paper, we trace the jurisprudential history of the applicability of US countervailing duty (CVD) law to non-market economies (NMEs). We describe how, since the United States reversed its long standing policy of not imposing CVDs on NMEs, concurrent application of antidumping (AD) and...

This paper provides a review of the literature on high-frequency trading and discusses various initiatives taken by regulatory authorities around the world to address its potential detrimental effects on market quality and investor welfare. Empirical evidence to date generally suggests that...