Migration and trade are often linked through ethnic networks boosting bilateral trade. This study uses migration to … quantify the importance of Ricardian technology differences for international trade. The framework provides the first panel …. The instrumented elasticity of export growth on the intensive margin with respect to the exporter's productivity growth is …

This paper investigates the extent to which international trade hinges onpatents. We analyze the export and patenting … observe export and patenting activities worldwide and at the product level. We exploit how heterogeneity of patent … coverageacross (and within) product-country relates to exports. We find a patent premium of at least 10 percent, which is mainly …

This chapter surveys the literature on international trade and the protection of intellectual property rights (IPRs) in … the global economy. The discussion is organized around the major questions in the field. How does openness to trade affect … national incentives for patent protection? What is the rationale for international coordination over patent policies? Given …

This paper examines the effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) on domestic innovation based on a data set covering … show that there is a negative horizontal spillover effect of FDI on domestic innovation when the intellectual property …'s accession to the World Trade Organization) (WTO) in 2001. We also show that there is a positive upstream spillover effect of FDI …

This working paper provides a statistical analysis of 74 patent families which cover subject matter relevant to ten … based on VaxPaL, a COVID-19 vaccines patent database developed by the Medicines Patent Pool (MPP). Through the detailed … examination of patent applicants, filing dates, and offices of first and subsequent filing, the paper identifies patterns and …

patentable to the statutory provisions of such laws. Honestly, majority large patent systems - USA, Germany, United Kingdom, etc …De facto one of the indisputable shortage of patent laws proves the circumstance, that these have been made without … and retrograde comprehension in lawmaking - continuous uncertainty, reliability and instability of the patent laws, as …

Concerns have been raised that the upsurge of 3D printing technology would disrupt the patent system. The central … us to rethink patent law. The paper splits up this question by looking at two facets in more depth – patentability and …/consumers). The paper concludes that the wide uptake of 3D printing does not fundamentally challenge the premises of patent law. 3D …

an innovation rewarding institution. According to our analysis, pharma patents have constituted legal barriers to protect … witnessed by the fact that patent applications are very skewed in the covered trade names and patent thickness expands over time …. Conversely, the number of patents protecting new drugs approved by the FDA which draw upon government-sponsored research - as …

-effects regressions, this study yields robust results. National patent protection alone does not stimulate domestic innovation, as …This paper evaluates the effects of patent protection on pharmaceutical innovations for twenty-six countries that … established pharmaceutical patent laws during 1978-2002. Controlling for country characteristics through matched sampling …

researchers and healthcare providers without infringing a gene patent. Many have voiced concern that this perceived thicket of … gene patents will impede the implementation of next-generation genetic technologies, particularly personal whole genome … mentioned in a US patent claim. The myth that 20% of human genes are “patented” has taken root because too many have incorrectly …