In this paper, we introduce a new applicable tool to evaluate any post-natural disaster and its impact on people losses … and damage, the new applicable tool is entitled “the post-natural disaster people losses and damage simulator (Ḧ …-Simulator).” Subsequently, the Ḧ-Simulator works under the application of five indicators such as (i) the post-natural disaster people losses …

: precautionary efforts (made ex ante), relief efforts (made in the immediate aftermath of a disaster), and recovery efforts (made ex …

natural disasters are shared internationally to a generally very limited extent. This finding of home bias in disaster risk … international sharing of disaster risk. For advanced economies, a lack of international risk-sharing is correlated with a lack of … room to manoeuvre to do so. At high levels of public debt, a lack of ex ante insurance can turn disaster risk into …

Office of US Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA), we show that substantially larger amounts of aid are disbursed when natural …