Cross-border data transmission in the biomedical area is on the rise, which brings potential risks and management challenges to data security, biosafety, and national security. Focusing on cross-border data security assessment and risk management, many countries have successively issued relevant...

New security designs, improvements in computer telecommunications technology and advances in the theory of finance have led to revolutionary changes in the structure of financial markets and institutions. This paper provides a functional perspective on the dynamics of institutional change and...