The goal of this paper is to undertake a panel data investigation of long-run Granger causality between electricity … in the long-run both electricity consumption and real GDP have a bidirectional Granger causality relationship except for … the Middle East where causality runs only from GDP to electricity consumption. Finally, for the G6 panel the estimates …

This paper empirically examines the dynamic causal relationships between electricity consumption and economic growth … panels are not cointegrated. Bidirectional causality between economic growth and electricity consumption both in the short …. Unidirectional short-run causality is found from economic growth to electricity consumption for lower middle income panel and no …