The World Economic Forum (WEF) recognises in their recent global risk reports the need to better understand the dynamics of the global economic system, and in particular the interconnectedness in the system in order to better appreciate the possibility of both single and multiple risk events...

Deaths from the influenza virus have been occurring for 100 years which raises the issue of what is unique about this virus that has made it immune to eradication? Since the influenza virus mutates, and the environment in which it operates is a complex adaptive system, this study uses a systems...

Recent literature recognises that improvements in longevity seen over the last 70 years are the result of the interaction of multiple factors that are both biologically and environmentally based, but quantification of the relative impact of the various factors has proved elusive. This paper...

The academic literature on pension governance is sparse and this book will fill some important gaps by bringing together original contributions from around the world on subjects related to the area. The book initially lays out the main frameworks for pension fund governance and then goes on to...

The World Economic Forum (WEF) has been producing reports since 2006 based on what are perceived by respondents to their survey as the major risks facing the world. This paper extends the work of Evans et al (2017) that analysed the WEF 2014 risks and considers the WEF Global Risks over the...

Financial stability and instability of countries’ economies are of significant interest to economists and politicians as this affects economic growth and the general wellbeing of the population. But determining on a reliable basis the factors that might indicate imminent financial instability...