Quarterly indices of output like those of Industrial Production, other measures of production like net sales, exports, of companies for which data is available, besides proxies like credit to the sector, and indices of price levels have been used to forward project the growth rates of GDP04-05,...

Extending the author's prior researches regarding the trend of economic growth in the twenty-first century; and in particular the indications of contracting Gross World Product (GWP) since 2012 when the current dollar figures are adjusted using the Consumer Price Index (CPI), in contrast with...

The concepts of potential output and the output gap are central to the IMF`s analytical work in providing policy recommendations to member governments. This key role has stimulated research at the IMF to develop and refine estimation techniques. This paper summarizes the methodology and results...