The OECD Base Erosion Profit Shifting (BEPS) Initiative as well as the current fairness oriented public discussion regarding the taxation of digital business models highlight the importance and complexity of the arm's length principle. In a theoretical model of an internationally fragmented...

This paper uses micro data from country-by-country reporting of more than 3600 large multinational companies operating in 238 jurisdictions to analyze global profit shifting to avoid taxes. These companies report 7% of their global profits in jurisdictions with effective average tax rates below...

The international tax system faces substantial challenges with respect to taxing the profits of multinational companies in the digital economy. Both policymakers and taxpayers consider the determination of intra-company transfer prices the most pressing issue. This article analyses existing...

The eco-efficiency approach (e.g. Schaltegger and Sturm, 1990 and Holliday et al., 2002) suggest an outclassing shareholder value for sustainable investments as a result of more efficient risk and resource management, broader consumer acceptance and legitimation, fewer stakeholder conflicts, a...

The difficult situation of the German banking sector at least according to the basic tenor of many contributions is raised to the threatening ranks of the "disease" the Japanese banking industry is suffering from. Such a statement labelling "German banks Turning Japanese" is the very issue of a...