improvements. The present paper seeks to contribute to this evolution, focusing on the “Global Risk Appetite Index” (GRAI) class of …

2017 for 25 US-traded commodities, we find a statistically significant increase in comovement among non-energy index …-commodities. This increase is only temporary. In contrast, no change in comovement is observed for off-index commodities over the entire … the results. Such comovement ‘index effect' is in line with the predictions of theoretical models of the financialization …

During the past two decades, the Cboe Volatility Index (VIX® Index), a key measure of investor sentiment and 30-day … investors access to exchange-traded vehicles for taking long and short exposures to expected S&P 500 Index volatility for a … Index (United States), AXVI Index (Australia), VHSI Index (Hong Kong), NVIX Index (India) and VSTOXX Index (Europe). All …

informational efficiency. The empirical evidence is based on the emerging stock market of Pakistan. Index-level data are collected … from Pakistan Stock Exchange-100 Index for the period 1995-2022. The rebalancing is done each year to ensure that the final …

in the MSCI Emerging Markets index as of December 31, 2014. We filter out country level data for illiquid and very small … index. We believe that this index represents the overall common stock investment opportunity set in emerging markets and … that the investment returns of this index represents the investment returns of all investors in emerging markets …