With 17,504 islands, 108,000 kilometers of coastline, and three-quarters of its territory at sea, Indonesia's prosperity is deeply entwined with its oceans. Yet the future for Indonesia's oceans, like those worldwide, is increasingly uncertain. Climate change is driving increases in water...

This paper addresses duties under Te Tiriti o Waitangi/the Treaty of Waitangi (the Treaty) for protection of particular Māori interests in the face of coastal hazards associated with sea-level rise. Under Te Tiriti o Waitangi, the Crown has a duty to actively protect Māori lands, estates,...

Human induced climate change is driving rapid biophysical changes throughout the oceans and seas that cover over two-thirds of the Earth’s surface. The most widely discussed effect of climate change in the marine and coastal environment is sea level rise, and the transformation of coastal...