This article examines the tax policy implications of imposing an intellectual property box (“IP Box”) regime in the United States and proposes that amid various tax policy considerations, inter alia, efficiencies, fairness, and administrability, the United States should institute an...

The issue of what explains differences in the wealth of nations is one of the most classic in economics. We propose de facto academic freedom as an explanatory variable. The main idea is that such freedom allows for the development of new useful knowledge through research unconstrained by...

This report presents the findings of a global survey on AI in Financial Services jointly conducted by the Cambridge Centre for Alternative Finance (CCAF) at the University of Cambridge Judge Business School and the World Economic Forum in Q2-Q3 2019. Representing one of the largest global...

At a time when the high-tech industry has increasingly demanded harmonized standards, China has signaled its intention to follow a different direction. China's recent actions seeking to set its own unique standards instead of adopting international standards shifts focus to the impact on...

This paper uses an extensive dataset compiled by the author to quantitatively study the determinants of academic and industry innovations measured by the numbers of journal publications, patents and Nobel Laureates. I use sensitivity analysis to test the robustness of estimates to specification...

The purpose of this study is to present a unique database on commercialized patents and to illustrate how it can be used to analyze the commercialization process of patents. The dataset is based on a survey of Swedish patents owned by inventors and small firms with a remarkably high response...

The traditional practice of intercepting posts and telegrams was extended to telephony, both wire-tapping and call-logging, at a time of little regard for privacy and with minimal transparency. It was the introduction of competition, particularly non-state operators, that required codification...

Private entities have recently attempted to invade the realm of central banking activities. This Article identifies this activity as “Shadow Central Banking,” and draws analogies with the previous emergence of “shadow banking” more generally. The “shadow banking” system emerged as a...

This paper examines how strategic alliances to create and use standards affect economic growth and development. The explanation of the link from standards to economic growth and development is through the effects of standards on the incentives to perform industrial research and development...