We study the United Nations Organization's Kyoto Protocol nations to address two questions. First of all, what are the environmental production efficiency rankings of these nations? Secondly, is there a relationship between a nation's ratification status and its environmental production...

The differentiation of products and services parallel with the globalization, motivated researchers to commit resources within supply chains more effectively. Competitive nature of the markets requires innovativeness with swift actions to supply mass customized demand. The total cost in the...

This research addresses incentive principles that drive information sharing and affect database value. Many real world centralization and standardization efforts have failed, typically because departments lacked incentives or needed greater local autonomy. While intangible factors such as...

We characterize the equilibrium level of emissions, the equilibrium stock of global pollution and the discounted net social welfare for both the cooperative and non-cooperative equilibria when the countries face the risk of a sudden irreversible jump in the global damages at an unknown date. The...

Defined contribution (DC) pension plans have been gaining ground in the last 10-20 years as the preferred system for many countries and other agencies, both private and public. The central question for a DC plan is how to invest in order to reach the participant's retirement goals. Given the...

We characterize the equilibrium level of emissions, the equilibrium stock of global pollution and the discounted net social welfare for both the cooperative and non-cooperative equilibria when the countries face the threat of a sudden irreversible jump in the global damages at an unknown date....

This paper provides an exact and computable invariant currency value index (ICVI) which is independent of base currency choice. Thus, given a 1xed set of currencies, the index of a currency will have the same value, regardless of base currency choice. This currency index can be used as an...

Although legal informatics is on the periphery of jurisprudence, it can make a significant impact on the centre in respect of legal dogmatics. We believe that the impact from legal informatics can be reached through situational legal visualisation and situational terms, for example, by...

There is a general agreement that (a) climate change is one of the most serious environmental problems, that (b) the analysis of climate change is confronted with a large degree of uncertainty and (c) that these uncertainties need to be taken into account to arrive at meaningful policy...

The humankind wisdom is supposed to be a related and open-deeper turning point. An equivalent type of statement may be referred to generosity, creativity, solidarity. Homo Sapiens, as a species, is distinguished clearly from other species by their socio-cultural nature, drawing on a deep inner...