We identify strong cross-border institutions as a driver for the globalization of in-novation. Using 67 million patents … from over 100 patent offices, we introduce novel measures of innovation diffusion and collaboration. Exploiting staggered … result in techno-logical convergence. The effects are particularly strong for process innovation, and for countries that are …

empirical findings as a basis for reforming China's subsidy policies, showcasing the actual impact of diverse subsidy policies … government subsidies can enhance corporate ESG performance by promoting green innovation, alleviating financing constraints …

The development of digital inclusive finance provides new opportunities for the technological innovation of SMEs. In … empirical testing. The results show that digital inclusive finance significantly promotes the technological innovation level of …