sensitive to changes in import prices. Although import price fluctuations had a much greater impact on U.S. production than …This paper presents new annual estimates of U.S. production of pig iron and imports of pig iron products dating back to … role of the tariff in fostering the industry's early development. Domestic pig iron production is found to be highly …

sensitive to changes in import prices. Although import price fluctuations had a much greater impact on U.S. production than …This paper presents new annual estimates of U.S. production of pig iron and imports of pig iron products dating back to … role of the tariff in fostering the industry's early development. Domestic pig iron production is found to be highly …

pass-through the cost shock fully on their export prices. Their production, exports and employment fall. A consequence of … multiple channels to energy shocks, even though electricity and gas bills represent a very small share of their total costs … their energy efficiency, increase intermediate inputs imports and optimize energy use across plants. Firms are also able to …