This article is intended to be a practical user guide to help assess their rebates' capability to foreclose. It first discusses how firms can assess whether their practices are capable of restricting competition. It then reviews the most important issues that are open as to the way the...

We express the idea of classical competition in a statistical equilibrium model, where the tendency for competition to equalize profit rates results in an exponential power (or Subbotin) distribution. The model supports and extends recent evidence on the Laplace distribution of growth rates in...

We argue that the complex interactions of competitive heterogeneous firms lead to a statistical equilibrium distribution of firms' profit rates, which turns out to be an exponential power (or Subbotin) distribution. Moreover, we construct a diffusion process that has the Subbotin distribution as...