This report offers an extensive analysis of the effects of the EU Single Market. It sheds light on four interrelated aspects: It first reveals the asymmetric economic performance across member countries, which also mirrors structural differences. These differences in economic outcomes are next...

A distinction is drawn between two notions of competitiveness. 'Essential' competitiveness focuses on the inherent developmental potential of an economy while 'apparent' competitiveness is largely determined by the exchange rate's influence on the current account. A currency union leverages...

Using the case of handicap sports (like horse racing and golf) as an apt analogy, the Eurozone's leverage of competitiveness is first simply demonstrated. It is then argued that there is a discordance between economic theory, and particularly the theory of international trade, and the concept of...

This article investigates the potential for regulatory competition within the legal framework of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU). By comparing the legal structures of the EU and the EEU, this article outlines the ways in which regulatory competition is embedded in each of the legal frameworks...

GATT Article III:4 aims at equal treatment in respect of competitive opportunities of imports and competing domestic products by preventing protectionism. A key question is whether regulations with heavier burdens on imported products than on domestic products and a valid regulatory purpose are...

Die letzten Monate haben die Unsicherheiten, die über dem Zeitpunkt der EU-Osterweiterung und der Zusammensetzung der Beitrittsländer lagen, spürbar verringert. Die Erweiterung in nicht einmal zwei Jahren muss als Faktum betrachtet werden. Vor allem die kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen in...

Die letzten Monate haben die Unsicherheiten, die über dem Zeitpunkt der EU-Osterweiterung und der Zusammensetzung der Beitrittsländer lagen, spürbar verringert. Die Erweiterung in nicht einmal zwei Jahren muss als Faktum betrachtet werden. Vor allem die kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen in...

Considering that the modified and improved ICT service becomes a commodity in the domestic and foreign markets, it can be said with complete certainty that the improved service in the domestic market, i. e. as a commodity, meets the demand of domestic consumers. But the updated and improved ICT...