We investigate patterns in common ownership networks between firms that are active in the US pharmaceutical industry for the period 2004-2014. Our main findings are that "brand firms" - i.e. firms that have R&D capabilities and launch new drugs - exhibit relatively dense common ownership...

This study considers the network development of the three largest European Low Cost Carriers (LCCs) easyJet, Ryanair and Wizz Air during the pre-pandemic period and the pandemic period. Network developments are characterized in terms of the route numbers, city-pair numbers, frequencies, market...