Policy makers use reference pricing to curb pharmaceutical expenditures by reducing coverage of expensive branded drugs. In a theoretical analysis we show that the net effect of reference pricing is generally ambiguous when accounting for entry by generic producers. Reference pricing shifts...

Pharmaceutical markets experience the entry of numerous generic firms upon expiration of the brand firm's patent. In this paper, we take a close look at competition among the generic entrants during the first three years after patent expiration and examine whether there is a first mover...

This paper investigates one of the largest pharmaceutical markets using a discrete choice model that allows marketing to affect product differentiation. Four main results emerge from an analysis of monthly panel data on antiulcer drugs from 1977 to 1993. Observed drug characteristics became less...

The theoretical relationship between market structure (number of firms) and conduct (pricing behavior) of the generic drug industry was investigated. The effects of qualitative variables such as therapeutic category, duration of use, popularity, and market entry aggressiveness on the...

Abstract: This article discusses the prosecution of excessive pricing cases regarding pharmaceutical products under EU law in its regulatory context. In recent years the legal framework for the pursuit of such cases, based on the United Brands precedent, has been established more firmly. The...

Our study puts special attention to the fact that R&D cooperations in the pharmaceutical industry are formed at different stages throughout the drug development process. We study if the timing to engage in R&D cooperations in the pharmaceutical industry has different impacts on the technology...

How does a firm’s market power in existing products affect its incentives to innovate? We explore this fundamental question using granular project-level and firm-level data from the pharmaceutical industry, focusing on a particular mechanism through which incumbent firms maintain their market...