investigate why this occurs, propose a frontier measure of competition, and apply it to five major bank service lines using data … only available since 2008. Fee-based banking services comprise 35% of bank revenues so assessing competition by service … line is preferred to using a single measure for traditional activities extended to the entire bank. Academic …

This paper explores the effects of innovation efficiency on technology gap and product diversity between a leading firm … and its competitor. Our analysis shows some interesting results: when innovation efficiency is sufficiently large and … innovation efficiency on consumer surplus and social welfare. Managerial implications are discussed. …