mechanism and Shleifer's yardstick Regulation. Unfortunately, in practical applications of these simple mechanisms the regulated … regulator must be extremely well-informed if he wants to apply this sort of regulation: except for the actual realizations of a … regulated public utility. This is the main reason why in practice the simple $RPI - X$ regulation prevails. Finally, in this …

Regulation and competition policy are two alternative modalities by which the state intervenes in the market. In order … varieties of market failures and identify those for which regulation is best address (cooperation failures such as The Fishing … regulation in jurisdictions where institutions are weak. The reasons are: information intensity and asymmetry being greater with …

coordination. This paper examines three persistent sources of flawed coordination: 1) a regulation versus unbundling dilemma, 2 …