Competition law constitutes an important part of the social contract that stands at the basis of market economies, which conceptualizes the relationship between the state and its citizens, as well as among citizens, and legitimizes state action. This article seeks to unveil the social contract...

An interview of Prof. Michal Gal by Dr. Thibault Schrepel on the subject of algorithms and competition law. The interview covers subjects such as how algorithms affect competition; cases involving algorithms; the potential benefits brought about by algorithms to consumers; the unique...

Article 102 TFEU has been interpreted as prohibiting not only exclusionary abuses, but also exploitative ones. In particular, sub-section (a), which prohibits ‘directly or indirectly imposing unfair purchase or selling prices' by a dominant firm, has been understood as proscribing not only...

Developing jurisdictions often share some socio-economic characteristics, including highly concentrated markets, state ownership of major businesses, scarce human and financial resources, poor infrastructure, systemic poverty, cronyism, and corruption. This article attempts to sketch some of the...

Private enforcement of competition law serves many important goals, including deterrence of future anti-competitive harms and correction of past harms. This article sheds light on several potential legal obstacles to such enforcement which could prevent it from achieving its goals. The examples...

In the past two decades the number of jurisdictions that adopted a competition law has grown exponentially. Yet many of them, most notably developing jurisdictions and small ones, face significant obstacles to efficient enforcement. Indeed, a World Bank study estimated that competition...

The economic characteristics of an economy - most notably its size, its openness to trade and its remoteness from its trading partners, greatly affect the competitiveness and performance of its markets by reducing internal and external competitive pressures. Accordingly, small, insulated...