outcomes. The UK, Sweden, Canada and the US obtain the highest management scores closely followed by Germany, with a gap to … Italy, Brazil and then finally India. We also show that autonomous government schools (i.e. government funded but with …

centralized systems (Italy and Germany) lagging behind the more autonomous ones (Canada, Sweden, the UK, the US). For Italy, we … find that managerial practices are positively related to students' outcomes. The estimates imply that if Italy had the same …

, Italy and Germany corroborates this finding, and we estimate cumulative gains of up to 5 percentage points in provincial … mandate announcements). We also find large vaccination gains in France (3 to 5 mln first doses), Italy (around 6 mln) and … across Canadian provinces in a difference-in-differences approach. Time-series analysis for each province and for France …