the aggregate shocks and the interaction between these shocks and the casual effects. We show that returns to investment …

economy and b) what is the impact of such constraints on the macro-economy, in particular on employment and investment. We … employment, while no effect is evident on firm investment. …

In this paper, we use a novel survey module to consider investment in health-related expenditures by SMEs following the … that 86 per cent of SMEs invested in health measures with a mean investment of =C15,500 and a median of =C3,500. Nearly all … investment was financed by internal funds. Health investments are uncorrelated with economic performance and financial factors …

holds for the microeconomic response of some of the most important economic variables, such as investment, labor demand, and … actual response to shocks is less than half as fast as the estimated response. For investment, labor demand and prices, the …, even after aggregating investment across all establishments in U.S. manufacturing, the estimate of its speed of adjustment …

the different response of business confidence and private investment. …