reduces the response of output to a technology shock. We also argue that the magnitude of the trade-off between health and the …, suboptimal policies such as zero COVID strategies, health insurance, or mandatory testing substantially attenuate recessions that … are caused by epidemics. Therefore, policies primarily aimed at preserving public health do not necessarily come at the …

allocation in two ways: first, by providing a broader perspective grounded in theory and research to assess health aid … level) information to develop evidence-based health aid policies. It calls for rethinking traditional notions of health aid …'s effectiveness, efficiency, and equity; second, by discussing the challenges that have constrained the research on health aid and how …

Health economics is an evolving field. This article considers operationalising the complexities of interventions …-effectiveness in health economics, continuous improvement in the field remains the way forward …