The weak enforcement of the ILO makes its body of international labor law merely an inspiration. Thus labor protection largely remains border- and culture-bound, unless stipulated by treaty. For example, an alleged sexual harasser under American law is subject to Title VII civil liability,...

In 2012, a new law allowed firms in Portugal to reduce the overtime premium paid by half. Until then, as in other countries, premiums were subject to a minimum level. We analyse matched panel data, including worker-level (base and overtime) hours and pay, to study the effects of the resulting...