that keep them from reducing poverty and inequality. To perform this assessment, we analyze three dimensions of size …: conditional cash transfers, non-contributory pensions, and other transfers. We use an international poverty line of 6.85 dollars … PPP per day (similar to the average national poverty line of upper middle-income countries) and adjust survey weights to …

needs, money on hand, use of friends and family for assistance, and employment) of families and children with very low …. We find some evidence that the credit reduced medical hardships, reduced reliance on friends and family for food, and …

This paper evaluates the global welfare consequences of increases in mortality and poverty generated by the Covid-19 … years spent in poverty (PY) are conservatively estimated using growth estimates for 2020 and two different scenarios for its … poverty years and 4.3 million years of life lost across 150 countries. The ratio of PYs to LYs is very large in most countries …