This paper aims to show that the fiscal and monetary counter-cyclical actions implemented by Brazilian government after the financial crisis were frugal: the monetary policy was late and slowly slackened and the fiscal policy sustain a primary surplus budget, in the opposite direction of much...

The large and unsustainable deficits of the early 1980s have reemerged in recent years. This paper aims to answer two questions: What has caused the poor fiscal performance of the Philippines in recent years? Is it the result of unfortunate events, macroeconomic shocks or misdirected fiscal...

President Joe Biden faces some political and economic headwinds in the upcoming U.S. midterm elections this year. Current economic challenges include historically high inflation rates and signs of an impending recession. [...] This paper gives a critical overview of the political and economic...