This research applies Econophysics under the special theory of relativity, the general theory of relativity, and the black holes to evaluate the COVID-19 economic damage. This paper is divided into three sections. The first section proposes applying the special theory of relativity to assess the...

As elsewhere, the Colombian private sector has been accused of promoting or profiting from violence in the country. However, the private sector's role in the armed conflict and the impact of conflict on entrepreneurial activity vary, as reflected by differences in political activism, in...

Social protection systems in developing countries are typically composed of a bundle of benefits, the major ones being health insurance and pensions. Benefit bundling may increase informality and decrease welfare. Indeed, if some of the benefits are valued at substantially less than their cost,...