The Obama stimulus package has been less than a total success if one is to compare what was predicted to what has been delivered to date. The crux of the problem is that the economic planners have ignored or failed to take into account the secondary effects that increased government spending has...

This work focuses on some economic aspects of the two main waves of Italian emigration (1876-1913 and post-1945) and of the immigration of recent years. First, we examine the characteristics of migrants. Second, for the period 1876-1913 we investigate the determinants of emigration using a new...

We take a first pass at quantifying the magnitudes of debt relief achieved through default and restructuring in two distinct samples: 1979-2010, focusing on credit events in emerging markets, and 1920-1939, documenting the official debt hangover in advanced economies that was created by World...

Die Europäische Union hat sich verpflichtet, ihre CO2-Emissionen bis 2020 um 20% zu reduzieren. Für dieses Ziel ist die EU-Verordnung zu den Emissionsnormen für neue Personenkraftwagen von besonderer Bedeutung. Sie hat dazu beigetragen, dass die CO2-Emissionen pro Neuwagen in der EU bereits...

Die Bewertung der Innovationsfähigkeit von Regionen hat vor dem Hintergrund des verschärften regionalen Wettbewerbs um Fördermittel an Bedeutung gewonnen. Zur Bestimmung des regionalen Innovationspotentials werden oftmals einfach zu erhebende Indikatoren wie die Anzahl der Patentanmeldungen...

The economic costs of environmental regulations have been widely debated since the U.S. began to restrict pollution emissions more than four decades ago. Using detailed production data from nearly 1.2 million plant observations drawn from the 1972-1993 Annual Survey of Manufactures, we estimate...

How can the world reach herd immunity against COVID-19 before the second anniversary of the pandemic, or March 2022? A study of vaccine demand and supply answers this question. A target of vaccinating 60 percent of the population in each country by March 2022 is likely sufficient to achieve...

This study investigates the impact of global crisis shocks on India's trade and industry. We use both panel data modeling and vector autoregression techniques to understand the dynamic effects of global crisis shocks on Indian industry and trade. The estimated results of panel data models show...

Die Europäische Union hat sich verpflichtet, ihre CO2-Emissionen bis 2020 um 20% zu reduzieren. Für dieses Ziel ist die EU-Verordnung zu den Emissionsnormen für neue Personenkraftwagen von besonderer Bedeutung. Sie hat dazu beigetragen, dass die CO2-Emissionen pro Neuwagen in der EU bereits...

The discoveries of oil and gas in the so-called "Pre-Salt layer" have triggered a lot of discussions about their economic effect. In this paper we discuss in detail a less discussed dimension: the impact of Pre-Salt layer in the structure of the Brazilian economy, especially the composition of...